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dc.date.available
2023-03-14T18:51:08Z
dc.identifier.citation
Vázquez, María Guadalupe; Bas, Claudia Cristina; (2023): Palaemon macrodactylys and Gobiosoma parri behaviour set. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. (dataset). http://hdl.handle.net/11336/190544
dc.identifier.uri
http://hdl.handle.net/11336/190544
dc.description.abstract
Behavioural traits play an important role in invasion success, yet little is known about how species behave when they arrive in a new environment. In this study we examined the behaviour of the invasive shrimp Palaemon macrodactylus after entering in a novel place with a single refuge during a 24 h solitary phase, and after the introduction of a conspecific or heterospecific (the native goby Gobiosoma parri), in the next 24 h (competition phase), comparing their responses as residents and as intruders. Time spent swimming, using the shelter and the frequency of interactions (withdrawing touches) were quantified. Shrimps entering to a new empty environment, swam most of the time in the first hours, while the use of shelter increased steadily. The use of shelter in shrimps was affected by sex and residency status. Females won the shelter to males, while residents won the shelter to intruders. In the interspecific competition, refuge was always won by gobies and shrimps showed no resistance. Obtaining shelter was not generated through aggressive behaviours, but rather a hierarchy established through some other type of interactions. We propose that both prolonged swimming, which could indicate exploratory behaviour, and a social organization without aggressive confrontations could be key to the initiation of an invasion in this species.
dc.rights
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.rights.uri
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ar/
dc.title
Palaemon macrodactylys and Gobiosoma parri behaviour set
dc.type
dataset
dc.date.updated
2023-03-10T17:00:32Z
dc.description.fil
Fil: Vázquez, María Guadalupe. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mar del Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras; Argentina
dc.description.fil
Fil: Bas, Claudia Cristina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mar del Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras; Argentina
dc.datacite.PublicationYear
2023
dc.datacite.Creator
Vázquez, María Guadalupe
dc.datacite.Creator
Bas, Claudia Cristina
dc.datacite.affiliation
Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mar del Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras
dc.datacite.affiliation
Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mar del Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras
dc.datacite.publisher
Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
dc.datacite.subject
Ecología
dc.datacite.subject
Ciencias Biológicas
dc.datacite.subject
CIENCIAS NATURALES Y EXACTAS
dc.datacite.date
25/02/2016-26/06/2016
dc.datacite.DateType
Recolectado
dc.datacite.language
eng
dc.datacite.version
1.0
dc.datacite.description
1. Animals collection and rearing
Shrimps and gobies were collected with a hand net (300 μm mesh) in Mar del Plata harbour (38° 03′ S; 57° 31′ W), Argentina. The sampling site is an area used for sailing activities where shrimps and fishes find refuges in fouling organisms that cover the piles of the marinas (see Vázquez & Bas, 2019). In the laboratory, groups up to 15 individuals of shrimps were maintained in 30 x 20 x 20 cm aquaria filled with sea water (33-34 PSU), with constant aeration, at 20°C and 14:10 L:D light cycle. Native gobies were kept in similar conditions in separate aquaria. Both species were fed ad libitum with freshly hatched Artemia sp. nauplii and artificial food (TetraMin Pro®). Water was changed (50% of volume of each aquarium) weekly. All animals were acclimated to captivity for a minimum of 7 and a maximum of 15 days before being used in each trial. Both the animals used as residents and intruders were randomly taken from the same aquaria. Shrimps were selected by size and sex. Size was measured as carapace length (CL) from the posterior orbital margin to the postero-dorsal margin of the carapace. Sex was determined by observing the presence in males of an appendix masculina on the second pleopod (Berglund, 1981). Since P. macrodactylus larger than 6 mm CL are only females, the selected size of experimental animals was in average 4.61±0.68 mm CL (corresponding to total length without rostrum of 20.89 mm approx.). Gobies were not sexed and selected only by size, measured as total body length (BL) from the lower lip to the caudal peduncle, which was in average 29.72±4.41 mm.
2.2 Experimental set-up
The experimental aquaria consisted of an opaque container (20 x 25 x 15 cm), filled with 3000 ml sea water. An opaque plastic half cylinder (2 cm diameter and 3.5 cm length) located at the centre of the aquarium floor was offered as refuge. The conditions of temperature, aeration and photoperiod were the same as in the rearing aquaria. A video camera (Hikvision model DS2CD1041) was installed 50 cm above the aquaria to record the behaviour of the animals along the experiment. In each trial, residency status was established by placing one individual into the experimental aquarium 24 h alone (solitary phase), while it was recorded. By previous observations this is the period after which the time spent swimming and inside the refuge become stable in shrimps, and the same period was used for gobies. We considered as intruders the individuals coming into a space already occupied by a resident. The interactions between residents and intruders (the competition phase) were monitored for 24 h, so, each complete trial lasted 48 h. Five or six replicates per pair type were obtained as follows: 6 resident male/intruder male; 5 resident female/intruder male; 6 resident male/intruder male; 5 resident female/ intruder female; 6 resident female/intruder goby; 5 resident male/intruder goby; 6 resident goby/intruder male; 5 resident goby/intruder female (Figure 1). In the trials where resident and intruder were shrimps, one of them (resident or intruder randomly) was marked on the telson with a non-harmful pen marker (Posca®, Mitsubishi Pencil Co, LTD) to differentiate them.
The intraspecific pairings were sized- matched (difference lower than 5%). The interspecific pairings were also sized- matched as much as possible given the lower fish availability, but the percent difference was not estimated. We performed 44 experimental trials (half of intraspecific pairs and the other half of heterospecific pairs) between February 25 and June 26, 2016. The trials of the different pairs were conducted randomly over time.
Animals were not fed during the 48h of experimentation. In one single case, one shrimp in an experimental pair molted and was eaten by their mate. This trial was discarded and repeated with new individuals.
All experimental individuals (shrimps or fishes) were used only once to avoid effects of past experience.
2.3 Video recording and analysis
From each trial recorded during 48 h, we analysed one-hour periods every four hours, starting at the first hour of each experiment. In this way, from each complete 48 hours trial we analysed 12 periods of one hour; the first six corresponding to the solitary phase on day 1 and the others to the competition phase on day 2 (Figure 1).
We observed three behaviours not involving interactions between individuals: swimming, when individuals were moving through the aquarium propelled by their pleopods, walking on the bottom, and standing still resting on the pereiopods at the bottom of the aquarium or inside the shelter. The only physical interaction consistently produced by shrimps was a contact in which one of the members of the pair touched the other with one cheliped. When the touched animal was another shrimp, it always moved away. We named this behaviour as withdrawing touch.
No attempts were made to detail gobies behaviours, but they were observed swimming, resting on the bottom or inside the shelter (most of the time).
From the stationary activities of shrimps, only the time spent inside the refuge was quantified. The introduction of at least 50% of the body into the shelter for at least 3 seconds was accounted as use of the shelter. Similarly, the only quantified motion activity was swimming, because walking activity was barely performed. All swimming episodes longer than 3 seconds were included. The time spent by animals standing still in the bottom was the complementary fraction of time swimming + time inside the refuge and was not analysed. Finally, the number of withdrawing touches produced by shrimps from all pairs were quantified.
Only the time spent in the refuge was quantified for gobies, using the same criteria as with shrimps. Almost no interactions were performed between shrimps and gobies, so they were not analysed.
All the videos were visually analysed by a single observer. The duration of each individual activity was timed with a manual stopwatch separately for each of the observation periods, for each member of the pair separately, repeating the video as many times as necessary. The number of touches produced by each shrimp was also counted.
2.4 Statistical analysis
To evaluate behaviour differences between shrimps entering a new environment with and without the presence of another individual (conspecific or native goby), the time spent in the shelter and the time spent swimming were compared with LME, with sex of shrimp, type of environment (empty, with male shrimp, with female shrimp or with goby) as fixed factor and period (1 to 6) as covariate. Individual nested to period was considered as a random factor.
To evaluate how the behaviour of residents changed according to the type of intruder, the time spent in the shelter and the time spent swimming were compared between resident shrimps in the competition phase, with LME, with sex of resident shrimp and type of intruder (male shrimp, female shrimp or goby) as fixed factor and period (1 to 6) as covariate. Individual nested to period was considered as a random factor.
The number of withdrawing touches produced by each shrimp in a pair was evaluated with LME for the sum of the six periods of the competition phase, due to the low number of touches produced in each period. Sex and residency status of touching shrimp, and sex of the displaced shrimp were considered as fixed factors. The pair was considered as random factor.
The assumptions of normally and homogeneous residuals were always visually inspected with histograms and Q-Q plots, as well as the residuals plotted against the fitted values (Zuur et al., 2009). Data were square root transformed when necessary. When data transformation was not enough to correct heterogeneity we used LME models with a variance-covariate structure with varFunc: varIdent as the constructor function for variance heterogeneity, within the library ‘nlme’ (Pinheiro et al., 2015). A set of models with different variance structures were compared with the equivalent model without the LME extension using the AICc. Tukey HSD test was performed for post-hoc multiple comparisons across levels of significant factors. All statistical analyses were performed using R Software (version 3.6.1) (R Core Team, 2019). We plot the means and variances of the transformed data according to the requirements of the analyses and model estimates used.
dc.datacite.DescriptionType
Métodos
dc.datacite.FundingReference
PICT888
dc.datacite.FunderName
Ministerio de Ciencia. Tecnología e Innovación Productiva. Agencia Nacional de Promoción Científica y Tecnológica
dc.subject.keyword
Invasive species
dc.subject.keyword
Novel environment
dc.subject.keyword
Shelter use
dc.subject.keyword
Social behaviour
dc.datacite.resourceTypeGeneral
dataset
dc.conicet.datoinvestigacionid
6414
dc.datacite.awardTitle
Evaluación del comportamiento territorial del camarón invasor Palaemon macrodactylus
dc.datacite.geolocation
Puerto de Mar del Plata: 38 02 29 S, 57 32 17 O
dc.datacite.formatedDate
2016
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