Prioritization of chemical scaffolds using the TDR Targets database: An integrative workflow for Trypanosoma cruzi drug discovery

Abstract

Prioritization of chemical scaffolds using the TDR Targets database: an integrative workflow for Trypanosoma cruzi drug discovery

Chagas disease, caused by the parasite Trypanosoma cruzi, faces a critical innovation gap in drug development, with current treatments hindered by toxicity and limited efficacy. To address this, we implemented an integrative chemogenomic workflow using the TDR Targets database to prioritize drug candidates. To prioritize repurposing candidates for T. cruzi, we designed a query to retrieve compounds active against validated targets in other organisms, provided an orthologous gene exists in T. cruzi and the compound has no recorded activity against trypanosomatids and their associations predicted by the TDR Targets multilayer network. On those associations we applied sequential filters based on metabolic relevance, and commercial availability via the MolPort API obtaining a focused set of 378 high-priority compounds. A central feature of this workflow was the partitioning of these compounds into 16 distinct chemical libraries, each defined by unique scaffolds such as benzamidines, sulfonamides, and azoles. For experimental validation, we manually curated two of these libraries, containing piperazine and nitro derivatives. From the 21 compounds acquired for in vitro testing against T. cruzi in intracellular models of infection, 7 demonstrated selective trypanocidal activity, with two lead hits achieving submicromolar EC50 values. Crucially, while our experimental focus was on these two series, the remaining 14 curated libraries, representing a broad range of chemical space and putative target associations, which are fully available for public exploration and further biological assaying. These results demonstrate the efficiency of our prioritization pipeline and provide the scientific community with a pre-filtered, commercially accessible resource to accelerate the discovery of new leads for Chagas disease.